Both methods seem to do the same but in the documentation
SubscribeMonitoredItem
has the addition of "For each significant monitored item change".
SubscribeDataChange
does not have this addition. Does that mean SubscribeDataChange fires more often than SubscribeMonitoredItem? What does significant change mean?
↧
Difference between "SubscribeDataChange" and "SubscribeMonitoredItem" ? - by: Dan
↧
Write Byte Array - by: phil56
Hello OPC-Labs team,
In my PLC I have an array of bytes variable, I can read them with the "Read" method but if I want to write bytes into it with the "Write" method, an exception is thrown:
If I use the "WriteValue" method, I can write the bytes without exception.
Where is my mistake?
Sample code with Write method :
Sample code with WriteValue method :
QuickOPC-UA version 2020.2
best regards
Phil
In my PLC I have an array of bytes variable, I can read them with the "Read" method but if I want to write bytes into it with the "Write" method, an exception is thrown:
If I use the "WriteValue" method, I can write the bytes without exception.
Where is my mistake?
Sample code with Write method :
Sample code with WriteValue method :
QuickOPC-UA version 2020.2
best regards
Phil
↧
↧
Application Hangs as a result of a triggered Garbage Collection - by: gkalipershad
Hello,
I am working with a customer with the following setup:
Toolkit Version: 2020.2
Development Environment: Visual Studio 2019
Development Language: VB.NET
OPC Standard Used: OPC UA
.NET Framework Version Targeted: 4.7.2
Operating System: Issue is present on Win 10 (1907 & 1609), Server 2012R2, Server 2016, Server 2019
The customer's .NET application is hanging. I have attached a memory dump analysis that they sent me where we are seeing that a garbage collection, which is triggered by a thread in the OPC client, is preventing the application from proceeding.
At no point in their code are they manually triggering a GC.
The GC is triggered during a call to Opc.Ua.Bindings.TcpMessageSocket.WriteMessage. This is a single threaded application, so I am not sure where the other threads are being spun up. Is there a way to prevent this GC from occurring or some other way to prevent this hang based on what you see?
Please let me know what additional information I may need to obtain.
Thanks,
GK
I am working with a customer with the following setup:
Toolkit Version: 2020.2
Development Environment: Visual Studio 2019
Development Language: VB.NET
OPC Standard Used: OPC UA
.NET Framework Version Targeted: 4.7.2
Operating System: Issue is present on Win 10 (1907 & 1609), Server 2012R2, Server 2016, Server 2019
The customer's .NET application is hanging. I have attached a memory dump analysis that they sent me where we are seeing that a garbage collection, which is triggered by a thread in the OPC client, is preventing the application from proceeding.
At no point in their code are they manually triggering a GC.
The GC is triggered during a call to Opc.Ua.Bindings.TcpMessageSocket.WriteMessage. This is a single threaded application, so I am not sure where the other threads are being spun up. Is there a way to prevent this GC from occurring or some other way to prevent this hang based on what you see?
Please let me know what additional information I may need to obtain.
Thanks,
GK
↧
Opc Da in .net Core - by: radek.huber
Hello,
do you have any plans to add support for the opc da into the quickOpc .net core version?
Thank you,
Radek Huber
do you have any plans to add support for the opc da into the quickOpc .net core version?
Thank you,
Radek Huber
↧
Please support PackageReference for NuGet packages - by: binki
If I try to use PackageReference to reference packages versions 5.52.184 or 5.53.315, the nuspec only references OpcLabs.BaseLib.dll, OpcLabs.BaseLibForms.dll, OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassic.dll, and OpcLabs.EasyOpcUA.dll.
Please consider testing your packages with a VisualStudio-15.8 .csproj which references the NuGet using PackageReference instead of packages.config and verify that the bin/Debug folder contains the necesary App_Web_OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassicRaw.amd64.dll and App_Web_OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassicRaw.x86.dll files. Maybe these need to be added to as references to the .nuspec and a version bump released to get it to work?
Thanks!
Please consider testing your packages with a VisualStudio-15.8 .csproj which references the NuGet using PackageReference instead of packages.config and verify that the bin/Debug folder contains the necesary App_Web_OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassicRaw.amd64.dll and App_Web_OpcLabs.EasyOpcClassicRaw.x86.dll files. Maybe these need to be added to as references to the .nuspec and a version bump released to get it to work?
Thanks!
↧
↧
Visual studio exemple debug crash - by: PhilippeG
Hi,
I created a window form application included an EasyDAClient control
When i compile in Debug (x86) Visual Studio crash (msbuild has stopped working)
But it works when I launch directly the executable
Do you know this problem?
Thanks,
I created a window form application included an EasyDAClient control
When i compile in Debug (x86) Visual Studio crash (msbuild has stopped working)
But it works when I launch directly the executable
Do you know this problem?
Thanks,
↧
Design Question / Rely on automatic subscriptions or subscribe manually? - by: tblong
In reference to these two posts:
I actually like the idea of the EasyDAClient handling the creation of subscriptions for me in the background based on reads performed by my application. The last post above does suggest having a user's application handling the subscriptions directly. I would like to make sure that my use case below still leans toward the recommendation of handling the subscription directly.
Example use case:
My application has 10k tags which it needs an updated value for every 5 minutes. Roughly every 24 hours there may be tags added to or removed from the list to be updated. The application should only add/remove tags from subscription rather than incurring the cost of unsubscribing all and then resubscribing only the new tag set (not including getting disconnected from the OPC server here). Unlike the second post above, this application does not have the requirement of browsing recursively through the OPC server periodically, the application will either have a itemId that exists or does not in the OPC server.
Questions:
I actually like the idea of the EasyDAClient handling the creation of subscriptions for me in the background based on reads performed by my application. The last post above does suggest having a user's application handling the subscriptions directly. I would like to make sure that my use case below still leans toward the recommendation of handling the subscription directly.
Example use case:
My application has 10k tags which it needs an updated value for every 5 minutes. Roughly every 24 hours there may be tags added to or removed from the list to be updated. The application should only add/remove tags from subscription rather than incurring the cost of unsubscribing all and then resubscribing only the new tag set (not including getting disconnected from the OPC server here). Unlike the second post above, this application does not have the requirement of browsing recursively through the OPC server periodically, the application will either have a itemId that exists or does not in the OPC server.
Questions:
- Should my application go straight to handling the subscription of all tags directly or ok to tune automatic subscription accordingly?
- Does the EasyDAClient.ReadMultipleItems() method also perform an automatic subscription as described in the post Disabling automatic subscriptions made with OPC Reads ?
- Is it wise to call EasyDAClient.SubscribeMultipleItems() with a list of 10k tags?
- What happens if my application were to resubscribe to the same item twice with EasyDaClient.SubscribeMultipleItems()? Is this duplication handled automatically by the the QuickOPC lib?
- I am new to the QuickOPC library, so what else have I not asked that may be helpful to know during my design phase here? I admit that I have not been able to make it through but 10% of the QuickOPC user guide.
↧
Subscribing to a large number of tags, in parallel - by: DC
Hi
I have a use case where an application needs to subscribe to 30K tags, and there may be several instances of that application running in parallel on the same machine.
The problem I am encountering is on initial subscription, some instances of the application successfully subscribe to all 30K tags, while other instances randomly subscribe to less.
The code I am using to subscribe is based on the docs:
Thank you
I have a use case where an application needs to subscribe to 30K tags, and there may be several instances of that application running in parallel on the same machine.
The problem I am encountering is on initial subscription, some instances of the application successfully subscribe to all 30K tags, while other instances randomly subscribe to less.
The code I am using to subscribe is based on the docs:
Thank you
↧
Connection TimeOut? - by: andis59
If I try to read from the server using
and the server is not available (not running, no tcp connection, etc)
I get an Exception
The exception occurs about 20 seconds after the read is executed.
This delay I assume is some TimeOut.
Is there someway to change the time?
and the server is not available (not running, no tcp connection, etc)
I get an Exception
OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.OperationModel.UAException: An OPC-UA operation failure with error code -2138963968 (0x80820000) occurred, originating from ''. The inner OPC-UA service exception with service result 'BadTcpInternalError' contains details about the problem. ---> OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.UAServiceException: OPC-UA service result - Error establishing a connection. = BadTcpInternalError.
The exception occurs about 20 seconds after the read is executed.
This delay I assume is some TimeOut.
Is there someway to change the time?
↧
↧
Upgrading from v2017 and dealing with breaking changes - by: BAUMGARTNER
Hello,
I recently started investigating on upgrading our version of OPCLabs to the latest one in order to solve a bug related to Win10 now preventing us from installing .NET v4.5.2 (dependency of OpcLabs v2017).
Anyway, i'm facing what seems to be breaking changes introduced between then and now. Here are the one I encountered thus far :
Thank you in advance for any guidance you can provide on solving these issues.
Regards,
Mathieu
I recently started investigating on upgrading our version of OPCLabs to the latest one in order to solve a bug related to Win10 now preventing us from installing .NET v4.5.2 (dependency of OpcLabs v2017).
Anyway, i'm facing what seems to be breaking changes introduced between then and now. Here are the one I encountered thus far :
- TEasyDAClient no longer has a implementation of SubscribeMultipleItems taking a PSafeArray as input, it now takes an OleVariant. We were using that implementation.
- _EasyDAItemChangedEventArgs no longer has an Integer « ErrorCode » Member.
I can see it now has an sting « ErrorId » member but i’m not sure I should be treating it the same way. - The entire TEasyUAClient class seems to be missing, or most likely has been renamed?, in the new version.
Thank you in advance for any guidance you can provide on solving these issues.
Regards,
Mathieu
↧
APCViolation Live Mapping - by: petegoodman
Whilst evaluating fitness for use, I am noticing a problem with Live Mapping whilst communicating with other equipment on our network.
Sophos is flagging the communication as a 'APCViolation' malicious behavior prevented in TCP/IP Services Application. There is no problem doing simple read/write operations with imperative programming, only when using the live mapping.
Do you have any advice/tips to solve this issue?
Sophos is flagging the communication as a 'APCViolation' malicious behavior prevented in TCP/IP Services Application. There is no problem doing simple read/write operations with imperative programming, only when using the live mapping.
Do you have any advice/tips to solve this issue?
↧
Impossible to connect client UA to TOP SERVER in same network - by: I-Tecnology
Good morning, I am trying to read an item on plc Siemens S7 with OPC Server TOP Server UA interface and client quick opc 2016.2 5.41 with anonymous client. On top server endpoint have security "none" and anonymous client are allow to be connected to server and able to read and write nodes. If client it's on the same pc where is installed Top Server node plc can be read. If client it's in different pc but connected in same local LAN witn OPC Top Server and PLC i receive always pop up with message "password network specified is not correct".
Firewall everywhere are disabled.
Best Regards
Firewall everywhere are disabled.
Best Regards
↧
OPC-UA operation failure with error ID 'UAEngine=2307' occurred - by: k_ito@sehouse.co.jp
2020/10/23 13:41:39,read_opc-1 An OPC-UA operation failure with error ID 'UAEngine=2307' occurred,
originating from '' and with depth of 1.
The inner exception, of type "OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Engine.UAEngineException",
contains details about the problem.
場所 OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.IEasyUAClientExtension.Read(IEasyUAClient client, UAReadArguments readArguments)
場所 OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.IEasyUAClientExtension.Read(IEasyUAClient client, UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UAAttributeId attributeId)
場所 opc_ua.form_main.read_opc(UAAttributeData attributeData, EasyUAClient easyUAClient1)
場所 D:\\work\opc_ua\formMain.vb:行 120
No information found
.What should i do.
Thank you.
originating from '' and with depth of 1.
The inner exception, of type "OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Engine.UAEngineException",
contains details about the problem.
場所 OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.IEasyUAClientExtension.Read(IEasyUAClient client, UAReadArguments readArguments)
場所 OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.IEasyUAClientExtension.Read(IEasyUAClient client, UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UAAttributeId attributeId)
場所 opc_ua.form_main.read_opc(UAAttributeData attributeData, EasyUAClient easyUAClient1)
場所 D:\\work\opc_ua\formMain.vb:行 120
No information found
.What should i do.
Thank you.
↧
↧
Write is synchronous or asynchronous? - by: I-Tecnology
Hi,
I'm converting my application from DA tecnology to UA tecnology. I have some strange behaviors so I'm using a simple test application to better underestand UA methods.
I make some multiple subscription to 160 bit variables. Here there are some bit that blinks. Only 10 bit are ON every 0,2 seconds (I make a simple register shift on 16 words). I turn on and off 160 labels on the screen. Everything is ok.
If in datachange event I enable a write instruction of a bit (also the same bit, it's just a test), the change color of the label slow enormously. It seems that the write instruction is syncronous, but I can't set it.
When I disable the write option, the labels turn on and off very quickly and after some seconds return to right frequence. it seems that the datachange event were stored and thay run all in a moment.
Here the datachange event:
If you need I can send you my test program.
I'm using:
- last version of EasyOpc 5.53.225.1
- Topserver V.6.3.279
- plc siemens S7-315
- framework 4.5.2
- VS 2013
Thank you
PS I have already tryed to use two different easyUAClient Objects (as you can check) and to set the isolated property to true for the two objects.
I'm converting my application from DA tecnology to UA tecnology. I have some strange behaviors so I'm using a simple test application to better underestand UA methods.
I make some multiple subscription to 160 bit variables. Here there are some bit that blinks. Only 10 bit are ON every 0,2 seconds (I make a simple register shift on 16 words). I turn on and off 160 labels on the screen. Everything is ok.
If in datachange event I enable a write instruction of a bit (also the same bit, it's just a test), the change color of the label slow enormously. It seems that the write instruction is syncronous, but I can't set it.
When I disable the write option, the labels turn on and off very quickly and after some seconds return to right frequence. it seems that the datachange event were stored and thay run all in a moment.
Here the datachange event:
If you need I can send you my test program.
I'm using:
- last version of EasyOpc 5.53.225.1
- Topserver V.6.3.279
- plc siemens S7-315
- framework 4.5.2
- VS 2013
Thank you
PS I have already tryed to use two different easyUAClient Objects (as you can check) and to set the isolated property to true for the two objects.
↧
Object reference not set to an instance of an object. QuickOPC 2020.3 alpha - by: Andriy
Hello,
We got an email confirmation from OPC Labs regarding the use of “alpha” version of QuickOPC 2020.3 in test mode to solve the following problem
www.opclabs.com/forum/reading-writing-subscriptions-property...-blocked-subscribe-unsubscribe
Recently, I found a null-reference exception that causes my application to crash. Could you fix that?
QuickOpc version 5.59.0-rev13
EnableNativeClient: False
the call stack is slightly different
Regards
We got an email confirmation from OPC Labs regarding the use of “alpha” version of QuickOPC 2020.3 in test mode to solve the following problem
www.opclabs.com/forum/reading-writing-subscriptions-property...-blocked-subscribe-unsubscribe
Recently, I found a null-reference exception that causes my application to crash. Could you fix that?
QuickOpc version 5.59.0-rev13
EnableNativeClient: False
the call stack is slightly different
Regards
↧
Could not create a certificate via a proxy: Input file was not processed properl - by: kristof2015
Hi, I get this error trying to read and browse.
Works fine on UAExpert, so its not Server issue.
Language C#, Xojo and EASY OPC-UA Demo application.
QuickOPC 2016.2
Error:
OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.OperationModel.UAException: An OPC-UA operation failure with error code -2147483648 (0x80000000) occurred, originating from ''. The inner OPC-UA service exception with service result 'Bad' contains details about the problem. ---> OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.UAServiceException: Could not create a certificate via a proxy: Input file was not processed properly. ---> OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.UAServiceException: Input file was not processed properly.
--- Fin del seguimiento de la pila de la excepción interna ---
--- Fin del seguimiento de la pila de la excepción interna ---
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.InternalBrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.DisposeGuard[TResult](Func`1 func)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.DisposeGuardNotNull[TResult](Func`1 func)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Internal.ForwardingEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Internal.ForwardingEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Internal.LicensingEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.EasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Browsing.UANodeBrowseable.BrowseNodes(Object parentNode, UABrowseParameters browseParameters, Predicate`1 nodePredicate, IEnumerable`1& leaves, IEnumerable`1& exceptions)
Any known solution?
Thank you
Krzysztof
Works fine on UAExpert, so its not Server issue.
Language C#, Xojo and EASY OPC-UA Demo application.
QuickOPC 2016.2
Error:
OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.OperationModel.UAException: An OPC-UA operation failure with error code -2147483648 (0x80000000) occurred, originating from ''. The inner OPC-UA service exception with service result 'Bad' contains details about the problem. ---> OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.UAServiceException: Could not create a certificate via a proxy: Input file was not processed properly. ---> OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.UAServiceException: Input file was not processed properly.
--- Fin del seguimiento de la pila de la excepción interna ---
--- Fin del seguimiento de la pila de la excepción interna ---
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.InternalBrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.DisposeGuard[TResult](Func`1 func)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.DisposeGuardNotNull[TResult](Func`1 func)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Implementations.NetSdk.NetSdkEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Internal.ForwardingEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Internal.ForwardingEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Internal.LicensingEasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.EasyUAClient.BrowseNodes(UAEndpointDescriptor endpointDescriptor, UANodeDescriptor nodeDescriptor, UABrowseParameters browseParameters)
en OpcLabs.EasyOpc.UA.Browsing.UANodeBrowseable.BrowseNodes(Object parentNode, UABrowseParameters browseParameters, Predicate`1 nodePredicate, IEnumerable`1& leaves, IEnumerable`1& exceptions)
Any known solution?
Thank you
Krzysztof
↧
Se connecter à un serveur opc en C - by: Ulrich FM
Bonjour,
Je souhaite utiliser OPC pour la communication entre mes automates et mon logiciel de supervision (celui ci est codé en C sur Visual Studio ou Netbeans selon les cas). Ainsi je souhaite grace à quickopc générer des codes C que je compte intégrer à mon logiciel de supervision pour pour lire et écrire dans mes automates.
Pensez vous que cela sera possible ?
Je souhaite utiliser OPC pour la communication entre mes automates et mon logiciel de supervision (celui ci est codé en C sur Visual Studio ou Netbeans selon les cas). Ainsi je souhaite grace à quickopc générer des codes C que je compte intégrer à mon logiciel de supervision pour pour lire et écrire dans mes automates.
Pensez vous que cela sera possible ?
↧
↧
License exeption - by: leinad
I'm trying to test the QuickOPV version 553 (I need this version due to the customer PC environment) but I get a license error (see below). Let me know how to enable the tral license (I cannot use a newer version).
Msg:
Not allowed to run the license Mulipurpose. You might be using a trial license, and the version of the software you are using is obsolete.
Component name; "QuickOPC", license IDs: "Multipurpose", version number; 533, release date: 04/06/2018, trial validity: 210 days, option name; "EasyUAClient"
Msg:
Not allowed to run the license Mulipurpose. You might be using a trial license, and the version of the software you are using is obsolete.
Component name; "QuickOPC", license IDs: "Multipurpose", version number; 533, release date: 04/06/2018, trial validity: 210 days, option name; "EasyUAClient"
↧
Upgrading from v2017 and dealing with breaking changes - by: BAUMGARTNER
Hello,
I recently started investigating on upgrading our version of OPCLabs to the latest one in order to solve a bug related to Win10 now preventing us from installing .NET v4.5.2 (dependency of OpcLabs v2017).
Anyway, i'm facing what seems to be breaking changes introduced between then and now. Here are the one I encountered thus far :
Thank you in advance for any guidance you can provide on solving these issues.
Regards,
Mathieu
I recently started investigating on upgrading our version of OPCLabs to the latest one in order to solve a bug related to Win10 now preventing us from installing .NET v4.5.2 (dependency of OpcLabs v2017).
Anyway, i'm facing what seems to be breaking changes introduced between then and now. Here are the one I encountered thus far :
- TEasyDAClient no longer has a implementation of SubscribeMultipleItems taking a PSafeArray as input, it now takes an OleVariant. We were using that implementation.
- _EasyDAItemChangedEventArgs no longer has an Integer « ErrorCode » Member.
I can see it now has an sting « ErrorId » member but i’m not sure I should be treating it the same way. - The entire TEasyUAClient class seems to be missing, or most likely has been renamed?, in the new version.
Thank you in advance for any guidance you can provide on solving these issues.
Regards,
Mathieu
↧
QuickOPC 2020.2. - free trial - Licence not valid - by: tobias.kettner@hirschvogel.com
Hello Support team,
I am trying to test your actual Version 2020.2 but the included demo licence is no longer valid:
Not allowed to run by the license "Multipurpose". You might be using a trial license, and the version of the software you are using is obsolete. Obtain a recent version to resolve this problem. Component name: "QuickOPC", license IDs: "Multipurpose", version number: 558, release date: 06.04.2020, trial validity: 210 days, option expression: "EasyDAClient".
Could you please update your download package or help me to get this fixed.
Thank you,
Tobias
I am trying to test your actual Version 2020.2 but the included demo licence is no longer valid:
Not allowed to run by the license "Multipurpose". You might be using a trial license, and the version of the software you are using is obsolete. Obtain a recent version to resolve this problem. Component name: "QuickOPC", license IDs: "Multipurpose", version number: 558, release date: 06.04.2020, trial validity: 210 days, option expression: "EasyDAClient".
Could you please update your download package or help me to get this fixed.
Thank you,
Tobias
↧